覆盖与间作对亚热带丘陵幼龄茶园土壤环境和生产的影响
Effects of straw mulching and white clover intercropping on soil environment and the production of tea in young tea plantation in subtropical hilly region
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摘要: 以常规管理茶园(清耕茶园)为对照，通过连续4a大田对比试验，研究了稻草覆盖与间作白三叶草对亚热带丘陵幼龄茶园土壤环境及茶叶品质、产量的影响。研究结果表明：两种生物措施均降低了土壤容重，增加了土壤有机质含量，影响了土壤养分的供应状况，提高了土壤关键层次(0～20 cm)和关键时期(4～6月)的水分含量，获得了不同观察时刻、不同深度土壤温度的多种调控效果，延缓和缩短了高温和干旱时间，促进了茶树生长，改善了茶叶品质，显著增加了茶叶产量，其名优绿茶酚氨比分别下降了0.68%和28.14%，产量提高了26.19%和32.65%，间作白三叶草的效果更好。Abstract: Compared with general tea plantation(clean tillage tea plantation), the effects of straw mulching and white clover intercropping on soil environment, the yield and quality of tea in young tea plantation in subtropical hilly region were studied through four years large-field experiments. Results show that both of the two biological measures decrease the soil density and improve soil physical properties and soil fertility. The soil water content is increased in key layers(0～20 cm depth) during key period (April to June), and the period of high temperature and drought is postponed and shortened. The two measures have multiple dynamic effects on soil temperature at different observation time and different depthes. Therefore, the growth of tea tree is boosted, the quality of tea is improved, and the yield of tea is evidently increased. Compared with general treatment, the ratio of tea polyphenol to amino acid of green tea in young tea plantation with straw mulching and white clover intercropping decreases 0.68% and 28.14% respectively, and the yield increases 26.19% and 32.65% respectively. The effect of white clover intercropping is better.
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