笼养肉仔鸡生产性能及其胴体品质影响因素的研究

    Effects of floor material, stocking density on growth performance and carcass quality of broilers

    • 摘要: 该本文采用三因素三水平正交试验设计,就笼底材料、饲养密度、不同性别组群下3~6周龄AA肉仔鸡的生产性能及其胴体品质进行研究。结果表明:竹竿和塑料笼底下肉仔鸡的胴体品质以及笼养密度11 ~14只/m2下的生产性能较高,以塑料笼底、低密度和公鸡单饲组的肉仔鸡总增重最高,达1.82kg。笼底材料对增重、饲料转化率、屠宰率、腹脂率以及胸肌纤维直径没有影响,但铁丝笼底会导致胸囊肿发病率升高。高饲养密度下能显著降低肉鸡增重和饲料转化率,但肉仔鸡的屠宰率有所增加;而低饲养密度有利于胸肌纤维直径的增加。单饲母鸡的腹脂率显著高于单饲公鸡和公母混群饲养鸡的腹脂率。

       

      Abstract: The orthogonal design with three factors and three levels L9(34)) was used in this experiment. The influence of floor material, stocking density on growth performance and carcass quality for 3~6 week-old AA broilers with different sex groups was evaluated. The results showed that the average body weight gain (BWG) of the broilers in the group with plastic netting floor, lower stocking density (11 broilers/m2) and single male management was 1.82kg, which was the highest among all the groups(P<0.05). The results also indicated that BWG, feed conversion(FC), carcass yield, abdominal fat yield, fibre diameter of breast muscle were not affected by the material of the cage floor, but the incidence of breast blister of broiler in the cage with wire netting floor was higher(P<0.05). BWG and FC were both affected by the stocking density of broilers. Compared to the 6 week-old broilers in the groups with the stocking densities of 11 and 14 birds/m2, BWG of broilers in the 17 birds/m2 groups was significantly lower( P <0.05). FC of the 4 week-old broilers in the 11 birds/m2 density groups was lower than that in the groups of 14 birds/m2( P <0.05), but it was significant higher in the groups with the densities of 11 and 14 birds/m2 than that in the groups of 17 birds/m2 at 6week-old. The carcass yield in the groups with 17 birds/m2 was higher than that in the groups of 11 and 14 birds/m2. The fibre diameter of breast muscle in the groups of 11 birds/m2 was bigger than that in the groups of 14 and 17 birds/m2 (P<0.05).Theabdominal fat yield in female groups was higher than that in the male and mixed groups(P<0.05).The results of this investigation suggeste that carcass quality of the broilers in the groups with plastic and bamboo slat floors and the productivity in the groups with the stocking densities ranged from 11 to 14 birds/m2 are better.

       

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