超临界CO<sub>2</sub>流体萃取杏仁油工艺研究

超临界CO₂流体萃取杏仁油工艺研究

摘要: 该研究以单因素试验和正交试验相结合的方法对苦杏仁脂肪油的超临界CO₂萃取工艺进行了研究。确定了超临界CO₂萃取杏仁油的最佳工艺为：萃取压力35 MPa、萃取温度50℃、CO₂流量24 L/ｈ、粒径60目、萃取时间2 h。各因素影响杏仁的得率的顺序为：粒径>时间>萃取压力>CO₂流量>萃取温度。最佳工艺验证试验的杏仁油的得率为52.98％。本研究的结果为下一步综合、无毒、高效地开发利用苦杏仁奠定了基础。

Abstract: Factors influencing oil yield of bitter almond extracted by supercritical CO₂ were studied with both single factor and orthogonal experiment. The optimum extracting conditions are as follows: extraction pressure 35 MPa, extraction temperature 50℃, CO₂ flow rate 24 L/ｈ, diameter of almond powder 60 mu and extraction time 2 h. The sequence of the factors affecting the extraction are: diameter of almond powder >extraction time>extraction pressure> CO₂ flow rate>extraction temperature. Under the optimum conditions, the yield of almond oil is 52.98%. This research lays a foundation for further study on use of bitter almond.