Abstract: Crop structural adjustment pattern in Jingjinji region was studied considering the economy and resource factors. Water requirements of several main crops were analyzed using Penman-monteith equation and GIS technique. A model of synthetic benefit analysis on crops was built to study the compensation of water resources. Results show that the water requirement of rice is largest, followed by winter wheat and spring maize and the least is summer maize. If the rice is replaced by other crops, 3.5 hundred million m³ of water would be saved. Taking cost of water resources into account, the spring maize is the most befitting crop to plant for the good synthetic benefit.