高静压与к-卡拉胶对低脂猪肉凝胶保水和质构的影响

    Effects of high hydrostatic pressure and kappa-carrageenan on water-binding capacities and textural properties of low-fat pork blend gels

    • 摘要: 高静压处理与添加水溶性多糖是改善肉制品质构、保水性等品质的重要手段。本研究侧重调查100~300 MPa压力、0~1.0% к-卡拉胶添加水平对猪肉糜凝胶保水、质构的影响。试验结果表明,添加0.5%的к-卡拉胶可显著降低猪肉凝胶的蒸煮损失,提高总持水性及凝胶硬度(P<0.05);200 MPa以上的高静压不仅可以显著降低肉糜的蒸煮损失,而且也能够显著提高凝胶的硬度、黏结性与咀嚼性(P<0.05);但100~300 MPa的高静压对1.0%卡拉胶水平的凝胶弹性影响不明显(P>0.05)。此外,对于肉制品保水性的评价,应注意选择合适的评价方法,尤其是蒸煮损失差异较大的肉制品样本,评价方法选择的合理性将直接影响评价的结果。

       

      Abstract: The treatment of high hydrostatic pressure(HHP) and addition of water-soluble polysaccharide are important methods that improve the quality of water-binding capacities(WBC) and textural properties(TP) of meat products. The effects of 100~300 MPa HHP and levels of κ-carrageenan addition(0, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.00%, respectively) on WBC and TP of the pork muscle gels (PMG) were investigated. The results show that the addition of 0.5% κ-carrageenan can remarkably reduce cooking loss(CL), enhance total WBC and hardness of PMG(P<0.05). Pressurization above 200 MPa can not only reduce significantly CL of PMG, but also enhance hardness, cohesiveness and chewiness(P<0.05). But pressure from 100 to 300 MPa does not have obvious effect on springiness of the gels with 1.0% κ-carrageenan added(P>0.05). In addition, more attention should be paid to evaluation methods of WBC of meat products, especially samples that have greater difference in CL, otherwise the conclusion obtained is perhaps not reasonable.

       

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