华北半湿润地区微咸水滴灌对番茄生长和产量的影响

    Effect of saline water on tomato growth and yield by drip irrigation in semi-humid regions of north China

    • 摘要: 为了安全有效地开发和利用微咸水资源,必须了解微咸水灌溉对作物和土壤安全性的影响。该研究连续3a(2003~2005年)在华北半湿润地区就滴灌条件下不同盐分浓度微咸水和土壤基质势对番茄地下、地上部分生长和产量的影响进行了研究。试验结果发现不同盐分浓度微咸水(1.1~4.9 dS/m)和土壤基质势(滴头正下方0.2 m深度土壤基质势下限控制在–10~–50 kPa)处理对番茄根干重密度、根长密度、最大叶面积指数、总叶绿素含量和产量等都没有明显的影响,且不同盐分浓度和土壤基质势处理间没有显著的交互影响。因此,华北半湿润地区滴灌条件下,番茄缓苗阶段后用EC<5 dS/m的微咸水灌溉,对番茄的生长和产量是安全的。

       

      Abstract: In order to facilitate the safe and efficient use of saline water for irrigation, it is necessary that the effects of saline water irrigation on crops and soil safety should be understood. A three-year (2003~2005) field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of saline water and soil matric potential (SMP) on tomato growth and yield under drip irrigation in semi-humid regions of North China. The experiment results indicated that there are no obvious effects on tomato root dry weight density, root length density, maximum leaf area index (LAImax), total leaf chlorophyll content and yield with the increasing of electrical conductivity of saline water (ECi) from 1.1 dS/m to 4.9 dS/m when the SMP at 0.2 m depth immediately under drip emitters was controlled from﹣10 kPa to﹣50 kPa. Furthermore, the ECi and SMP treatments have no interactive effects on tomato growth and yield. So, in semi-humid regions of North China, saline water with EC value less than 5 dS/m can be used to irrigate tomato after seedlings survival stage by drip irrigation, and the saline water is safe to tomato growth and yield.

       

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