Abstract: According to the statistical data of farmland from 1995 to 2005 in Hebei Province, the present utilization status of farmland and the rules of temporal and spatial evolution were studied. The quantitative relations between farmland resources and social economic driving factors were analyzed by using principal component analysis and linear regressive model. The results show that the changes of total and per capita farmland areas appear similar decrease tread and experienced such phases as slow decrease, dramatic decrease and relative stabilization in recent ten years. Obvious spatial difference is existed. The decreased farmland in plain more than in hill and mountains region, the decrease rate is 37.80% and 26.09% respectively. The adjust of agricultural structure, the modernization of agriculture; the level of social-economic development and the food security are the main driving forces that influence the farmland changes. It can enhance the study of farmland change, to utilize reasonable and protect arable resources, to control the area of farmland reducing, to keep the keep the quality and quantitative dynamic equilibrium of, and to promote regional sustainable agricultural development.