塑料大棚中不同灌水量下限对生菜生长和生理特性的影响

裴 芸; 别之龙

塑料大棚中不同灌水量下限对生菜生长和生理特性的影响

裴芸,
别之龙

Effects of different irrigation minima on the growth and physiological characteristics of lettuce under plastic greenhouse

摘要

摘要: 以两个散叶生菜品种弘农和绿领为材料，研究了塑料大棚栽培条件下不同田间持水量处理（70%～90%、60%～90%、50%～90%、40%～90%）对生菜产量、品质、叶绿素荧光参数和保护酶活性的影响。结果表明，以田间持水量的70%作为灌水量下限条件下生菜地上部鲜质量、叶片含水率、叶片数、叶面积均最大。随着灌水量下限的降低，生菜可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量逐渐增加，灌水量下限为田间持水量50%处理下的维生素C含量显著高于其他三个灌水量下限处理。对叶绿素荧光参数的分析表明，随着灌水量下限的降低，Fv/Fm（光系统Ⅱ最大光化学效率）、qP（光化学淬灭）、ΦPSⅡ（光系统Ⅱ电子传递量子效率）逐渐减小，而qN（非光化学淬灭）则逐渐增加。SOD（超氧化物岐化酶）和CAT（过氧化氢酶）活性，MDA（丙二醛）和Pro（脯氨酸）含量均随着灌水量下限的降低而逐渐增加。本试验的结果表明，70%灌水量下限处理下生菜的产量最高，综合不同灌水量下限处理对产量和品质的影响，60%的灌水量下限处理是最适合生菜生长的灌水处理。

Abstract: The effects of different field water capacities(70%～90%, 60%～90%, 50%～90%, 40%～90%) on the yield, quality, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and protective enzymes of lettuce were investigated. The results show that the greatest shoot fresh weight, leaf water content, leaf area and leaf number were obtained by 70% irrigation minimum treatment. Soluble sugar and soluble protein of lettuce gradually increased with the decrease of irrigation minima, whereas the highest content of vitamin C was obtained by 50% irrigation minima. Fv/Fm, qP, ΦPSⅡ decreased whereas qN increased with the decrease of irrigation minima. The activities of SOD and CAT and the contents of MDA and Pro increased with the decrease of irrigation minima. The highest yield was obtained by 70% irrigation minimum treatment, whereas the best irrigation minimum was 60% for the growth and quality of lettuce.

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