摘要:
该文以鸡粪和锯末为原料，采用自行设计的有效容积为18、24、30和42 L的堆肥装置进行好氧堆肥试验，通过研究高温发酵期间（堆肥前期12 d）堆肥物料的温度、全碳、C/N、水溶性碳和微生物变化，以了解不同有效容积堆肥装置的实际堆肥效果，确定堆肥装置的有效体积。结果表明，随着堆肥体积的增大，堆体持续高温的时间加长；堆肥体积在30 L以上的两个处理的腐熟进程快于30 L以下的两处理；细菌的数量在整个堆肥过程中的变化趋势是先下降后上升，真菌在高温期迅速下降，在高温期，30 L以上两个处理放线菌数量明显较18和24 L处理多。在无外加热设备的情形下，堆肥装置的有效体积应该为30 L以上。
关键词:
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堆肥
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堆肥体积
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堆肥装置
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鸡粪
Abstract:
The aerobic composting with sawdust and chicken manure as raw material was carried out to study the effect of different sized lab-based reactors(18, 24, 30 and 42 L) on dynamic changes of temperature, total-C, C/N ratio, water-soluble organic carbon and microbial population during the high speed (12 d). The results showed that the duration of high temperature of 50℃ and 55℃ all exceeded seven days and the compost conformed to the sanitary standard of the aerobic composting; the results showed that the time of maintaining high temperature of above 50℃ exceeded seven days, and with the increased volume of compost, the time of sustained high temperature lengthened; with the changes of the total carbon content, water-soluble organic carbon content and the C/N ratio of the test composting maturity, the composting processes of 30 and 42 L were more rapid than 18 L and 24 L; in the composting process, the changing trend of bacteria quantity is rising after the first drop, fungi quantity rapidly declined in the high-temperature phase, actinomycosis quantity was rising, and 30 L and 42 L of the actinomycosis quantity were more than 24 L and 18 L in the high temperature period, significantly. The minimum valid size of composting equipment should be above 30 L, in a environment without any outside heating.
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