几种淀粉的糊化特性及力学稳定性(简报)

    Gelatinization characteristics and mechanical stability of various starch sources

    • 摘要: 为探索淀粉糊化的力学稳定性,以不同来源淀粉为原料,采用快速黏度分析仪于不同搅拌速度下,研究外力作用对淀粉糊化特性的影响,为淀粉质食品的品质控制提供依据。结果表明,不同来源淀粉的黏度曲线及其力学稳定性有差异。以小麦淀粉的糊化温度最低;马铃薯淀粉糊的黏度和温度稳定性最大;马铃薯和莲子淀粉的峰值黏度较高,冷糊稳定性好;莲子淀粉的热糊稳定性差;玉米淀粉糊易于老化。外力作用对淀粉糊的黏度曲线有影响。较强的外力作用后,会导致淀粉糊的强度、黏度和糊化温度降低,改善热糊稳定性和冷糊稳定性。淀粉糊化的力学稳定性与其颗粒强度有关,较大颗粒强度的淀粉的力学稳定性较好。

       

      Abstract: Effects of external force on the gelatinization characteristics of starches from various sources were studied at different rotate speeds by a rapid viscosity analyzer. The gelatinization behavior under various external force and the mechanical stability of starch paste were assessed for the quality control of starchy foods. Viscosity curve and mechanical stability depended on sources of starch. Among the starches, wheat starch had the lowest gelatinization temperature. Potato starch paste showed the highest viscosity and temperature stability. Potato and lotus-seed starches exhibited high viscosity and cold paste stability. Lotus-seed starch showed the lowest hot paste stability. Corn starch had easy retrogradation. External force could affect the viscosity curves of the starches .Stronger external force could depress intensity, viscosity and gelatinization temperature of the starch paste, and improve stability of both hot paste and cold paste. Mechanical stability of the starch paste was related to the intensity of starch granule. The starch granule with high intensity owned high mechanical stability.

       

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