Abstract: In order to resolve the soil compaction caused by tractor-implement combination, the effects of controlled traffic conservation tillage on soil bulk density, total porosity, cone index, soil moisture and winter wheat yield were analyzed based on the long-term controlled traffic experiment conducted by China Agricultural University. The results show that, controlled traffic conservation tillage can decrease soil bulk density 6.8% in 0～20 cm layer and soil cone index 31.5% in 0～30 cm layer, increase soil total porosity 4.6% in 0～40 cm layer and soil moisture in 1 m soil depth, compared with conventional tillage. Even 20% of field was occupied by traffic lane, controlled traffic conservation tillage technique also can increase winter wheat yield 10.8%. In a word, controlled traffic conservation tillage is an effective tillage system to decrease soil compaction, improve soil construction, and increase wheat yield.