水酶法提花生油中乳状液性质及破乳方法

    Property of the emulsion formed in aqueous enzymatic extraction of oil from peanut and demulsification methods

    • 摘要: 为了破除花生水酶法提油时形成的乳状液,提高出油率,研究了乳状液的性质,比较了界面吸附肽和水相中肽的相对分子质量分布、非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和反相色谱图,发现使乳状液稳定的界面吸附肽性质主要与其构象、组成、电荷等性质有关。通过测定乳状液的静态、动态流变学性质发现,该乳状液是一个典型的以弹性为主的体系,随温度及剪切速率的提高,乳状液的稳定性下降。在上述研究基础上,采用4种物理机械方法破乳,结果显示,冷冻解冻结合离心的方法破乳效果最佳,乳状液中油回收率超过91.6%;而高速剪切是一个再乳化的过程,不能回收乳状液的油。

       

      Abstract: In order to demulsify the emulsion forming in the aqueous enzymatic extraction of oil from peanut and improve the free oil yield, the property of the emulsion was studied. The molecular weight distribution, the Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE) and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC) graphs of the peptide in aqueous phase and in interface were compared. The results indicated that the property of the interfacial peptide contributing to stability of emulsion were relative to its conformation, composition and electric charge. The rheological characteristics of the emulsion showed that the emulsion was a typical elasticity system, and the stability of emulsion could be reduced by improving the temperature and shear rate of the emulsion. Based on those results, the effects of four different demulsification methods were compared and the results showed the effect of the method of freezing and thawing combining with centrifugation was the best and the oil recovery was more than 91.6%. High-speed shearing couldn’t recover the oil from emulsion and it caused the emulsion to emulsify again.

       

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