Abstract: In order to improve the level of silk research, enhance the reliability of test data, raise the test automation, and further dig out the silk value, the single thread silk reeling test machine was designed. The density-regulation-motor and the silk-cylinder-drive-motor were controlled by the microcontroller to work cooperatively. The inputting length of silk and winding density were changed into the corresponding pulse signals by the procedures, and the pulse signals were used to control the stepping motors. Two Hall sensors were used to attain the purpose of real-time control. The ballscrew was used as transmission mechanism, which enhanced the working stability of the test machine. The experiment shows that the extracted silk can meet the requirements of silk research by the test machine.