低盐腌渍黄瓜半固态纯种发酵工艺中试

    Pilot test on semi-solid-state pure-fermentation technology of low-salt pickled cucumber

    • 摘要: 为了使传统的人工腌渍菜实现工业化生产,并减少腌渍液排放对环境的污染,该文研究了低盐腌渍黄瓜半固态纯种发酵工艺中腌渍液的连续利用。经脱水预处理黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.,含水率65%~70%)利用密闭厌氧发酵设备进行低盐发酵,腌渍液作为发酵剂进行预发酵,结合使用乳酸菌(L. plantarum)纯培养物,实现腌渍液的再利用。结果表明:发酵量,腌渍液用量,108 cfu/mL菌剂使用量及4%盐水用量之比为18︰6︰2︰1,可实现腌渍液再利用,同时得到2.24%低盐度产品;主发酵罐低于100 r/min搅拌速率条件下,搅拌对产品质构不存在显著影响(p>0.05),质构硬度可维持在1209.1 N以上;产品出品率最高为115.8%;与固态自然发酵工艺相比,可溶性膳食纤维、维生素E、总抗坏血酸、蛋白质和脂肪含量有了明显改善,分别可达3.592%,0.601×10-2 mg/g,7.843×10-2 mg/g,1.991%,0.375%。

       

      Abstract: For industrially producing traditional artificial pickled vegetables and reducing the environment pollution from the pickling liquid, the continuous useful method of pickling liquid was studied in the semi-solid-state pure-fermentation technology for low salt pickled cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.). Pre-dehydrated cucumber with water content of 65%~70% was fermented continuously with low-salt in anaerobic fermentation equipment. For realizing reuse of brine, brine was used as ferment to process pre-fermentation combining with pure culture of lactic aid bacteria. The results showed that the ratio 18:6:2:1 of raw materials, brine, 108 cfu/mL starter and 4% salt solution was optimized condition to reuse brine and 2.24% low-salt product was obtained. The texture of products was not significantly influenced (p>0.01) by stirring under lower intensity (<100 r/min), and textural hardness was kept above 1209.1 N. Yield rate was up to 115.8%. The content of Vitamin E, total ascorbic acid, protein, fat, and dietary fiber was improved via comparing with traditional technology, reaching to 3.592%, 0.601×10-2 mg/g, 7.843×10-2 mg/g, 1.991% and 0.375% respectively.

       

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