UV-B辐射增强对葡萄光合作用日变化的影响(简报)

    Effects of enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation on diurnal variations of photosynthesis in grapevine

    • 摘要: 大气臭氧层的不断破坏引起了地球表面紫外线-B(UV-B)辐射强度不断增加,这对植物的生长发育产生了重要影响。试验以酿酒葡萄(V.vinifera. L)“赤霞珠”(Cabernet Sauvignon)为材料,在自然光照条件下,通过增加不同强度的UV-B辐射,研究UV-B辐射增强对葡萄叶片光合作用日变化的影响,为进一步研究UV-B辐射增强对植物的影响提供依据。结果表明,UV-B辐射增强后葡萄叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)均呈双峰型,且日变化平均值表现为低辐射(T1,10.8 μW/cm2)处理组>对照组(CK)>高辐射(T2,25.6 μW/cm2)处理组,而水分利用效率则表现为对照组(CK)>低辐射(T1,10.8 μW/cm2)处理组>高辐射(T2,25.6 μW/cm2)处理的变化趋势。同时,UV-B辐射增强对葡萄叶片中光合色素含量没有显著的影响。这说明UV-B辐射增强对葡萄光合作用的影响与UV-B辐射强度和照射时间有关,适当增加一定剂量的UV-B辐射对葡萄光合作用不会造成危害。

       

      Abstract: Increase in UV-B radiation on earth resulted from continual destruction of atmosphere ozone layer can have significant effects on growth of plants. The effects of enhanced different intensities of UV-B radiation on diurnal variation of photosynthesis on the leaves of Cabernet Sauvignon were studied under natural sunlight condition in order to provide more bases. The results showed that under the treatments of UV-B radiation, there were double peak in the diurnal variations of photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate, and the sequence was: Lower radiation treatment(T1, 10.8 μW/cm2) >CK>Higher radiation treatment(T2, 25.6 μW/cm2), and the sequence of water use efficiency was CK>T1>T2. But the content of photosynthetic pigments was not obviously influenced compared with that of CK. Such results indicate that the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on photosynthesis in grapevine are related to different intensities of UV-B radiation and treatment time, and that reasonable enhanced UV-B radiation does not do harm to photosynthesis in grapevine.

       

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