Abstract: It is significant to investigate more scientific and reasonable wheat no-tillage planter evaluation methods for generalization and application of conservation tillage. The purpose of this paper was to study performance evaluation index system for wheat no-tillage planter. The 2BMF-9 wheat no-tillage planter was taken as an object on the basis of agriculture demand. The meaning and mensuration of every index was expounded, and their weights were determined by methods of expert consulting and AHP. Through dual-factor experiment, eight treatments in different soil-surface conditions were designed. Indices in eight treatments and corresponding emergence seeding ratio and tiller number were measured. Then the classified reference values of indices were educed by analyzing data using gray clustering. The results indicate that the deep eligibility and seed-fertilizer space eligibility are relatively good, seeding uniformity is common, and passing ability and soil-covering ability are below average. Moreover, in order to improve the performance of no-tillage planter, measures should be taken to optimize planter structure and soil-surface treatments for advancing the passing ability and soil-covering ability.