Abstract: In order to investigate the impact of electrode arrangement on the effect of seed dielectric separation, axial and peripheral electrodes arrangements were adopted on the same separation cylinder. Equal interval group was arranged for paddy seed separation, and paddy seed frequency falling into different groups under different experiment conditions was statistically analyzed, paddy seed distribution after separation was verified. The results of the experiment show that in comparison with peripheral electrodes arrangement, the axial electrode arrangement had a large seed falling angle and a standard deviation for seed distribution, which indicates a large seed disparity for separation. Seed falling satisfied a normal distribution with the axial electrode arrangement, and with the peripheral electrodes arrangement seed falling was not in normal distribution with large repetition errors. Seed collision during separation was reduced significantly with good experiment repeatability which was in favor of seed separation for different grades. The results of this study provide theoretical references for the design of seed dielectric separation equipment.