Abstract: In order to reduce the aquaculture risks, this paper introduced the design of a aquaculture security guarantee system based on the water quality monitoring. The system was composed of water quality monitoring and data disposal system, electrocircuit control system, aeration machine and feeding facility. The system could intelligently control aeration, water layer change and feeding ratio. In aquaculture, the dissolved oxygen security ensured aeration more than 6.2 h/W·d per kilogram fish. The lower limit of mechanic aeration was 3 mg/L, upper limit of mechanic aeration was 5 mg/L. Upper limit aeration time lag was 0.5～1 h, water layer change time lag was 1～2 h. The application indicates it can save 33.4% of aeration operation time, and reduce Feed Conversion Ratio(FCR) by 21.6% than traditional aquaculture aeration on average. The system has advantages of saving energy, feedstuff and guaranteeing the aquaculture security.