水稻直播用精播绳制造设备研制

    Development of machine for producing precision seeding rope with paper for rice direct sowing

    • 摘要: 水稻直播栽培技术具有省工、节本、增效等优点,但现有的直播机无法适应精确定量栽培的农艺要求。为此,设计了一种水稻直播用精播绳制造机械设备,该设备主要由送纸机构、排种机构、加捻机构和种绳卷绕成形机构等部分组成。其在工厂内将稻种按照设定的穴距和每穴粒数卷在4~7 cm宽的纸带内,并捻制成种绳,而后再将种绳卷绕成圆柱状供大田播放。大田作业时,通过将精播绳铺放在平整后的田块中,实现水稻的有序栽培。试验结果表明,研制的机械设备工作性能稳定,生产的种绳穴距变异系数不超过3.15%,每穴粒数变异系数不超过13.42%,种绳直播的水稻产量达10 290 kg/hm2,与当地的机插或人工手插相比无显著差异,但明显高于中国目前水稻平均单产。

       

      Abstract: Direct seeding technology is characterized by labor and cost saving, high efficiency, etc., the current direct seeding machine, however, can not adapt well to the agronomic requirement of rice precision cultivation. So a prototype machine for producing precision seeding rice rope with paper was designed and manufactured. The machine consisted of paper tape feeding mechanism, seed metering mechanism, twisting mechanism and seed rope rolling mechanism. By the use of the machine, in factory seeds were firstly arranged on a paper tape of 4-7 cm wide in the setting hill distance and the number of seeds per hill, and then the paper tape with seeds was twisted into a seed rope, finally the seeding rope was rolled up and the roller of seeding rope with cylindrical shape was produced. In the field, the precision seeding rope made with paper was roller out in lines on surface of the tilled soil to achieve orderly planting of rice. The experimental results showed that the machine performed well, and coefficient of variation of drop-hill distance and the number of seeds per hill were less than 3.15% and 13.42%, respectively. And the rice yield was 10 290 kg/hm2, compared with that of traditional mechanical or manual transplanting there was no significant difference between them, but it was obviously greater than the average rice yield in China.

       

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