Abstract: The study of spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of rainfall erosivity changes is of great significance to discover the formation mechanism and evolution process of soil water erosion. On the basis of precipitation database from 1957 to 2008 collected by 16 meteorological stations in Jiangxi province, the temporal changes of long time series and its spatial distribution characteristics of rainfall erosivity were analyzed , which could be the foundation in the study of the consequences of climatic change on soil erosion. Methods of Mann-Kendall test and interpolation of radial basis functions were employed. The results showed that mean annual rainfall erosivity was in an increasing trend and the growth was mainly put in position in relation to other things occurred in summer, especially July and August. Local spatial variation of erosivity was very distinct in Jiangxi province. There were three distinct erosivity- increasing centers (northwest, Zhangshu city and southwest of Jiangxi province) and three distinct decreasing centers (East, West and southeast of Jiangxi province). These regions such as northwest, southwest of Jiangxi province where the rainfall erosivity increased consistently in the past 52 years, should be the priority areas to control soil and water erosion especially.