Abstract: The research status of energy balance for bio-liquid fuel in China and the rest of the world have been analysed in this paper. Based on energy balance, emissions of pollutants, land and water resources etc, a bio-liquid fuel sustainable assessment system (BSAS) has been developed by LCA (life cycle assessment), which includes three sections as foundation database, analysis module, optimization module. Two case study have been conducted by the system, which sweetsorghum stalks have been used to produce ethanol in Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang Province, respectively. The results showed that the system could be used to analysis and assess the sustainability to develop bio-liquid fuels at state, province and specific district levels in China, and bio-liquid fuels planing in the specific area could also be obtained under the certain scenario, which supplys technology support for decision-makers.