基于LAI测试的精确人造果树模型

    Precision man-made fruiter model based on LAI test

    • 摘要: 精确人造果树为叶面积指数LAI和生物量测试提供固定、标准的参数,能避免真树受环境时空变化而参数改变的弊端。通过3D数字化仪(Polhemus Fastrak)采集真树的坐标(枝叶的位置、方向等空间结构参数),用独特的工艺,进行人造树模型的构建。根据多种方法的对照(图片、三维可视化、坐标误差分析)进行了经过多次、长时间多阶段(粗调、微调和整体精调3个阶段)的枝、干、叶调试,以达到仿真的效果。利用虚拟果树技术,与真树坐标、高度、叶面积、投影面积分布进行对比分析,人造树高度-累积叶面积(LAI)线性回归的决定系数R2为0.9892,人造树阴影面积-叶累积面积线性回归的决定系数R2为0.9973。人造树与真树轮廓外观尺寸相对误差在小于3%,叶子坐标误差服从正态分布。真树-人造树随高度变化的投影面积累积面积误差小于5%,累积投影面积误差为20%,它们在高度为0~65 cm范围段稳定。

       

      Abstract: Manmade fruiters provide fixed and standard objects in the ground-based leaf area index and biomass measurement for avoiding time and space effect on the real fruiter in the real environment. Firstly, the coordinates of the real guava’s leaves and branches were gained by 3D digitalizer named Polhemus Fastrak. Secondly, a manmade guava was made with a kind of special simulating techniques which was applied for Chinese patent. By means of digital pictures, coordinates of leaves and braches and virtual guava, the manmade tree has been adjusted many times over three months to reach the simulating effect. Finally, the man-made tree was compared and analyzed with the real one in parts such as coordinates, height, leaf area, shadowed area distribution. As a result of analysis by SPSS software, for the manmade guava the R square between tree height and accumulative leaf area is 0.9892 and the R square between shadowed area and accumulative leaf area is 0.9973. Additionally, for error analysis between the real one and the manmade one, the profile is basically the same by comparing digital pictures in different visions and the profile size error is less than 3%; the coordinates of leaves obey the normal school after analyzing 3 014 leaf points and 9 042 coordinate points; the accumulative leaf area error is less than 5% and accumulative shadowed area error is less than 20% from 0 to 65 cm of the tree height.

       

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