Abstract: By analyzing the research results of scholars overseas and domestic in recent years, the main structural factors which impact sampling efficiency were ascertained. They are the ratio of inlet height to width, the channel length, and material of hop-pocket. According to the sand sampler for performance test requirements, different construction parameter sand samplers were designed and tested in the wind erosion tunnel. The results indicate that the average sampling efficiency to soil particles of 0.15-0.60 mm is higher than intermixed dust and 0.15 mm under 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 m/s wind speed. The sampler is applicable to the acquisition of soil particles with the form of jump movement. The order of structural factors that affect sampling efficiency is the ratio of inlet height to width, the channel length, and material of hop-pocket. And the ratio of inlet height to width is the most remarkably factor. By the variance and range analysis, the optimization structure parameter of the sand sampler is as follows: the ratio of inlet height to width is 0.5, the channel length is 20 cm and the material of hop-pocket is falda. Under this situation, the average sampling efficiency of the sand sampler is 80.91%.