脂肪酶连续催化桐油酯交换反应制取生物柴油

    Enzymatic catalyzed transesterification reaction of tung oil to produce biodiesel continuously

    • 摘要: 为了提高酶法催化桐油制取生物柴油的生产效率,找到适合其工业化生产的工艺,该文探索了固定化脂肪酶连续催化桐油与甲醇酯交换反应制取生物柴油的连续反应工艺条件,在流化床反应器中、43℃的反应温度下,考察了反应液体积流量、脂肪酶填充密度、醇油摩尔比、反应连续时间等因素对单根反应器内连续酯交换反应的影响,得到了单根反应器连续反应条件:反应液体积流量为0.33 mL/min,醇油摩尔比为0.75︰1,脂肪酶填充密度为0.15 g/mL,酯交换率达22%;利用4根相同反应器串联操作,操作参数与单根反应器相同,油脂一次加入,在进入每根反应器前向反应液中加入油脂酯交换反应所需理论甲醇量的1/4,在该连续反应工艺条件下,桐油的酯交换率达到88%~92%。结果发现,本连续反应工艺条件比间歇反应具有更高的生产效率,可以应用于酶法制取生物柴油的工业化生产中。

       

      Abstract: In order to raise the production efficiency, find out the appropriate reaction conditions for biodiesel industrial production, the transesterification reaction conditions of tung oil and methanol to produce biodiesel continuously catalyzed by immobilized lipase were studied. The reactions were carried out in fluidized bed reactors, and the influences of volume flow-rate, the density of lipase in the reactor, the molar ratio of methanol to oil and the reaction time on the transesterification conversion under the reaction temperature 43℃ were investigated. The reaction conditions for one reactor were as follows: the flow-rate 0.33 mL/min, the molar ratio of methanol to oil 0.75:1, the density of lipase in the reactor 0.15 g/mL, and the conversion was 22%. The same four reactors were used to make the transesterification reaction of tung oil thoroughly and continuously: a mixture of tung oil and 1:4 molar equivalent of methanol were fed into the first column at a constant flow rate of 0.33 mL/min. The eluate and 1:4 molar equivalent of methanol were mixed and then fed into the second column at the same flow rate. The same is in the third column and the fourth one, and the continuous transesterification conversion of tung oil under this reaction conditions reached 88%-92%. It was found out that conditions of this continuous transesterification reaction were more efficient than that of the batch one, and could be used in the biodiesel industrial production catalyzed by lipase.

       

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