Abstract: Selecting biogas residue of ruminant feces anaerobic fermentation as the research object, physical composition and fiber chemical composition were determined and analyzed by the methods of the vibration sieving, statistical analysis, image processing and the Fibertec 2010&M6 system etc. Through the experimental study, biogas residue were mainly composed of the fiber, non-metallic minerals, minerals, their mass percentage were 64%, 35% and 1%, respectively; cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and ash were 44.8%, 21.9%, 15.6% and 17.7% , respectively, in the biogas residue fiber. Conclusion could be drawn that the mass percent of cellulose in the biogas residue, which is the remnant produced by anaerobic fermentation using ruminant feces, was above 5% more than that in rice straw, wheat straw and corn stalk; the mass percent of hemicellulose was 5% less than that in rice straw, wheat straw and corn stalk. This result can provide the base for the technology research on high value application of biogas residue resource.