Abstract: In this paper, with the analysis of ecological niche characteristics of rural residential land, relevant indicators were selected for considering the ecological conditions, production conditions and living conditions. Taking Pinggu district as study area, with the help of niche-fitness model and GIS, single-factor quantitative analysis and multi-factor comprehensive evaluation were used to divide the district into highly suitable, medium suitable, low levels of appropriate and inappropriate for rural residential land use, as well as key development areas, moderate potential areas, restricted expansion areas and priority remediation areas were formed for 275 administrative villages based on the results of suitable evaluation and cluster analysis method. Furthermore the characteristics of the regional land use were concluded and corresponding regulation and control modes were suggested. The results reflect the land use suitability and current trend, accord with local conditions and share a strong guiding significance for the consolidation of rural residential area and rural land-use planning.