Abstract: This paper brought out the calculation method for the arable land production capacity realization degree at town level, and Daxing district area was taken as the case study to certify the method validation. The arable land production capacity realization degree was divided into three parts including the crop yield realization degree for both wheat and maize, crop sown area realization degree and the total grain productivity realization degree. The calculation of the available crop yield is the key to the arable land production capacity. The main methods including frontier production function, regional test yield, and the highest appointed productivity in the recent five years were introduced to achieve the available yield per hectare at regional scale, and the crop available yield per hectare based on AEZ method at plot scale was acted as the auxiliary method. The finial crop available yield per hectare at town scale was determined by up-down scale and down-up scale methods. Realization degree of arable land production capacity at town level in three times including 1982, 2000, and 2006 was analyzed. The results showed that: the realization degree of the arable land production capacity at region scale was the highest in 1982, the lowest in 2006 and middle in 2000. In addition, the realization degrees of arable land production capacity at town scale were the highest in 1982, but decreased sharply in 2000 compared with the year of 1982. The realization degrees in 2006 were higher than that in 2000, but still lower than that in 1982. There were spatial and temporal variations for the realization degrees of arable land production capacity at town scale, however, the most importantly was the same changing tendency of the realization degree of arable land production capacity at both county and town scale across Daxing county in three periods. This method can provide a reference for the calculation of the realization degree of arable land production capacity at large scale.