Abstract: To further study the effects of chemical fertilizer combined crushed straw application on wheat yield and water consumption of winter wheat，seven varieties of winter wheat, which including “xi nong9871”, “li gao6”, “yan mai9710”, “shaan139”, “heng guan35”, “zhong yuan98-68”and “xiao yan22”,were investigated with chemical fertilizer combined crushed straw. The results indicated that under the chemical fertilizer combined crushed straw and conventional fertilizer condition, the total water consumption was similar among different varieties of winter wheat, but the amount of invalid water consumption was reduced evidently. The amount of transpiration was increased and the amount of invalid evaporation about 12mm was translated into valid transpiration owing to the use of chemical fertilizer combined crushed straw，and the water consumption of different varieties had no difference evidently under the same fertilizer. The chemical fertilizer combined crushed straw in the growing period had more significant influence on the growth and development of winter wheat than the conventional fertilizer did, the average height was raised about 2.1 cm, and the heights of different varieties are different evidently under the same fertilizer. The factors of yield components, such as grain weight, grains per spike, and the effective spikes, were increased obviously under chemical fertilizer combined crushed straw, average yield was 7631.2 kg/hm2, 8.13% higher than that of the conventional fertilizer. Average water use efficiency of winter wheat was 2.033 kg/ hm2 owing to the use of chemical fertilizer combined crushed straw, 0.137 kg/m3 higher than that of the conventional fertilizer. According to the effects of the yield and water- saving, the yield and water use efficiency of “xinong9871”, “zhongyuan 98-68” and “xiaoyan 22” were the highest under the chemical fertilizer combined crushed straw application.