Abstract: Xinjiang Jiashi muskmelon is considered a precious fruit, but it is not easy for storage. In order to extend the storage period of Jiashi muskmelon, effects of 8 different gas components on physiological changes and storage quality of Xinjiang Jiashi muskmelon postharvest were studied in this paper. The results showed that when Jiashi muskmelon was stored under the condition of 7%CO2+5%O2+88%N2, its titratable acid content, reducing sugar content and fruit firmness could be maintained; the activities of peroxidase (POD), polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and polygalacturonase (PG) were inhibited; catalase (CAT) activity was kept at a relative high level. After 80 d of storage, the rotten index was 0.3 and the commodity fruit rate was 90%; the fruit had a luscious flavor with fresh green color and the effect of fresh-keeping was better. The results can provide theoretical basis and technical method for Xinjiang Jiashi muskmelon storage.