Abstract: In order to improve the work quality of rice transplanter, reduce the phenomena of seeding-push, seeding-drift, seeding-down, seeding-bypass, a new type of fourier pitch curve non-circulars gears transplanting mechanism was proposed. By establishing its kinematic model and using computer analysis and optimization software, the rule of kinematics of the transplanting mechanism was analyzed and effect of variable parameters of the transplanting mechanism on the motion trail of the planting claws and the planting was analyzed. The kinematic simulation results of the transplanting mechanism showed that the locus was kidney-shaped. Taking seedling angle, planting angle, track height and planting cave meet the planting requirements, meanwhile, the transplanting mechanism has the features of the pitch curve flexibly changeable, large range of transmission ratio.