Abstract: Disturbance on the soil caused by land consolidation will affect the balance of soil carbon cycle. In order to study influences of land consolidation on farmland soil carbon storage, soil samples before and after land consolidation were collected and organic matter was measured based on indirect sampling and random sampling in three land consolidation areas of Jiangsu Province. The changes and reasons for the differences of soil carbon storage in different and consolidation areas were analyzed. The results showed that soil carbon storage was increased in all the three land consolidation areas. Organic carbon storage in Dan Yang land consolidation area increased by 26.05%, organic carbon density increased by 23.87% which increased most; Carbon density change shared the same direction with organic carbon storage change, with lower increase than carbon storage. It was closely related to the original soil condition, land consolidation engineering method and construction time of different land consolidation areas; Before land consolidation, organic carbon storage in paddy fields was significantly higher than that in dry fields. After land consolidation, organic carbon storage of dry fields increased a lot more than that of paddy fields, while organic carbon storage in paddy fields remained the same. (3)Reasonable land consolidation planning is required before the implementation of land consolidation project, and land consolidation project which was beneficial to carbon fixation in soil was recommended.