Abstract: Taking Lixin Land Consolidation Project of Laiwu City as an example, combining field survey with in-door analysis, effect of land consolidation on soil physical and chemical characteristics of hilly region were studied. The results indicated that effects of land consolidation on soil physical characteristics were highly significant or significant whereas on soil chemical characteristics were not significant yet. Except for soil bulk density increased and soil clay content slightly increased, other soil physical and chemical characteristics’ coefficient of variations were decreased and soil physical and chemical characteristics was more uniform after land consolidation. The causes were paying attention to physical measures but ignoring improvement of soil fertility during land consolidation, non-standard construction, the State's relevant standards unspecific. Ensuring soil quality increased, improvement of soil fertility be taken into account and construction be standardized, relevant standards be perfected, and soil physical and chemical characteristics standards be materialized in the future.