冬季堆肥中翻堆和覆盖对温室气体和氨气排放的影响
Effect of turning and covering on greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions during the winter composting
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摘要: 为明确冬季条垛堆肥过程中温室气体排放规律和主要影响因素，以猪粪和玉米秸秆为原料，研究了冬季条垛式堆肥过程中翻堆和覆盖作用对温室气体和氨气排放的影响。试验结果表明，在冬季堆肥高温期能维持2周以上，达到良好的卫生化效果；而在腐熟期堆体温度迅速下降，微生物活性停滞，堆肥腐熟进程受抑制。初始总有机碳的0.14%～0.76%以CH4损失，NH3和N2O的挥发则分别占到了初始总氮的10.3%～29.5%和0.81%～3.93%。数据分析结果显示，翻堆能够显著减少堆肥化过程中N2O和CH4排放，但增加NH3的排放。覆盖能够减少NH3的挥发，增加甲烷的排放，对N2O排放的影响不显著。Abstract: The effect of turning and covering on greenhouse gas and NH3 emissions during the composting of pig faeces was evaluated in this paper. Chopped cornstalk was used as bulking agent and carbon source. Results showed that the heat created by the degradation would maintain the compost piles at thermophilic phases more than 3 weeks to ensure the sanitation effect. But the cold weather would freeze the pile when the degradable carbon was exhaust, then caused the maturation cease. About 0.14%-0.76% of initial carbon was lost as CH4, and the NH3 and N2O emissions accounted the initial nitrogen 10.3%-29.5% and 0.81%-3.93% respectively. Statistic analysis showed that the turning could decrease the N2O and CH4 emission, but increase the NH3 losses significantly. Covering could increase the CH4 production, decreased the NH3 losses, but could not affect the N2O emission significantly.
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Keywords:
- greenhouse gases /
- composting /
- turning /
- ammonia /
- covering
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