Abstract: In order to appraise landscape traits of rural residential land and analyze the relationship between integrated landscape index and theory potentiality, the paper took the rural residential land of Xiyu village as the research object, and constructed the appraisal index system from the rural residential land scale, land-use, distribution and shape with the method of landscape ecology. And integrated landscape trait and the contribution of sole landscape index to the integrated landscape trait was analyzed based on integrated landscape index and principal component analysis. The results showed that the proportion of land use was high and many groups were in the intensive areas, and the extent of intensiveness was impacted greatly by altitude and slope. The scales of many groups were large and the connection was compact, the shape was neat. The large residential land coexisted with small and scattered residential land. Integrated landscape trait was influenced by some landscape traits following the contribution ratio, it was important to develop the distribution and shape traits in order to improve the integrated landscape trait. The relationship was obvious between integrated landscape index and theory potentiality, which took on the trend of Parabola, that was, the bigger of integrated landscape index, the lower of the theory potentiality.