Abstract: Ecological rehabilitation is an effective way to realize the sustainability of land use in rock desertification mountainous, and land consolidation is an effective choice for improving land use. So, it can create a new route to achieve the goals of land consolidation and control of desertification by means of ecological rehabilitation. Taking a typical land consolidation project as an example, based on ecological rehabilitation, the paper analyzed the characteristics of land consolidation engineering design for rock desertification area, which including land leveling project design in different types of surface configurations, engineering design of farmland water conservancy in karst region, and vegetation restoration for farmland shelterbelt network construction, and road design for protecting ecosystem. Moreover, the paper made tracing monitoring on the ecological restoration and farmland construction effect based on the results of these engineering designs. Results showed that the planning of land consolidation project based on ecological rehabilitation was beneficial for the improvement of ecology and sustainable land use in rock desertification mountainous area.