Abstract: Land consolidation was officially put forward and operated in China in the late 1990s. Land consolidation has played an important role on improving land quality and increasing farmland area and land revenue in last decade. With the overall progress of land consolidation, its influence on the ecological environment is paid more attention by experts and scholars. This paper analyzed the impacts of land consolidation on soil environment, water environment, vegetation, biological resources, microclimate, landscape pattern etc, summarized the assessment index and methods of environmental impact of land consolidation. Using and absorbing the advanced concepts of foreign land consolidation and ecological protection, combined with the practice of land consolidation in China, the research trends of the impact of land consolidation on ecological environment are put forward, i.e. strengthen the research on change process of land consolidation and ecological environment; enhance the study on ecological environment effects of multi-regional and multi-scale of land consolidation, establishing the relationship of “land consolidation-ecological environment impact-time-degree-range”; establishing the science methods and techniques to assess the impact of land consolidation on ecological environment.