热处理对皮蛋生产周期和品质的影响

    Effects of heat treatment on production cycle and quality of pidan

    • 摘要: 为了缩短皮蛋制作周期,保持品质,研究了热处理对锌铜混合盐腌制皮蛋品质的影响。对腌制15、20和25 d的皮蛋进行不同温度(35、42、49℃),不同时长(14、22、30 h)的热处理,对其进行L9(34)正交试验。以皮蛋的含水率,蛋黄硬化率,游离碱度,色度来探讨热处理条件(热处理温度、热处理时长和热处理时机)对皮蛋品质的影响。结果表明,不同的热处理均可降低皮蛋的含水率,加快蛋黄的凝固,提高蛋黄硬化率,降低皮蛋内容物的游离碱度,促进蛋清蛋黄的转色,提高皮蛋的口感和风味。对蛋黄硬化率和皮蛋内容物游离碱度加权得到综合评分并进行方差分析,表明对于热效果的影响程度大小依次是热处理时机、热处理温度、热处理时长,最佳热处理工艺条件是腌制20 d后在42℃的温度下热处理22 h,不仅品质好,并且将生产天数减少至21 d,比传统生产周期缩短了40%~50%。

       

      Abstract: The aim of this research was to shorten production cycle and keep quality of pidan. The effect of different heat treatments on quality of pidan which were pickled by a zinc-copper salt was investigated. The L9(34) orthogonal tests were conducted in this study and three factors of heat treatment as follows: heat time (15, 20, 25 d), heat duration (14, 22, 30 h) and heat temperature (35, 42, 49℃) were investigated . The moisture content, hardening rate, free alkalinity and color of pidan were used for the evaluating indicator.The results showed that heat treatments make pidan have lower moisture content, faster solidification, more hardening rate, lower free alkalinity, great color, and improved taste and favor. Analysis of variance from combination score of hardening rate and free alkalinity of pidan obtained by fuzzy weighted transformation, showed that the degree of the influence factors decrease in the following order: heat time, heat temperature, heat duration, and the optimal processing condition was that samples were treated at the temperature of 42℃ for 22 h after being preserved for 20 days. This method can shorten production cycle of pidan to 21 days, which is 40%-50% less than the traditional method.

       

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