Abstract: The quantitative calculation of agricultural machinery production allocative efficiency can provide theoretical support for formulating and implementing agricultural mechanization policy. Based on the agricultural input and output data of 31 provinces in China from 1991 to 2009, machinery production allocative efficiency was measured by stochastic frontier analysis techniques and its characteristics of variation tendency and spatial distribution were analyzed. The results showed that, the value of agricultural machinery production allocative efficiency in China was average 64.65% from 1991 to 2009. The average of each region indicated that Northeast was the highest, with East China the second, Southwest, North China and mid-southern China in the middle, and Northwest the lowest. The tendency of machinery production allocative efficiency varied among those regions.