Abstract: The prediction of land use structure is the focal issue of land utilization and management. Land use structure prediction based on biodiversity conservation is vital for the areas with good bio-environment and rich species. In this study, CA-Markov was applied for modelling the biodiversity-conservation based land use structure prediction of Ledong County and related results in 2020 are obtained. The results revealed that the predicted land distribution is more reasonable than that of 2009, the layout of construction land was more agglomerative, and most of the construction land in the north areas which had the richest biodiversities has been transformed into forest, bio-resources in coastal zone have been protected while the tourism construction is developing. CA units of cultivated land were increased and the increased areas were distributed in the general biodiversity zone of the west. The simulation highlights the biodiversity protection, which is practically essential for sustainable land utilization in Ledong county.