保水剂在不同铵盐溶液体系中的吸水和吸附铵离子特征

王新爱; 李永胜; 杜建军; 粟晓万; 黄帮裕

保水剂在不同铵盐溶液体系中的吸水和吸附铵离子特征

Water and ammonium adsorption characteristics of water retaining agent in different solutions of ammonium salt

摘要

摘要: 为探明保水剂与NH4+的相互作用，选用聚丙烯酸盐型保水剂（PAA）和聚丙烯酰胺型保水剂（P(AA-AM)），研究了保水剂在系列NH4Cl、NH4Cl-KCl、NH4Cl-CaCl2溶液体系中的吸水行为和对铵离子的吸附特征。结果表明：铵离子能显著降低保水剂的吸水倍率，并随铵离子浓度的增加，吸水倍率显著降低，相对吸水倍率与NH4+浓度之间具有显著的幂函数的减函数关系；NH4+、K+、Ca2+单一体系，NH4+-K+ 、NH4+- Ca2+共存体系对保水剂吸水倍率的影响按NH4+-K+＜NH4+、K+＜NH4+-Ca2+＜Ca2+次序依次增强；虽然NH4+能显著降低保水剂的吸水倍率，但保水剂在吸水的同时也能大量吸附溶解于水中的NH4+，并随NH4+浓度的增加而增加，其吸附规律可用Freundlich吸附模型和线性吸附模型来表征；在不同溶液体系中，NH4+浓度相同时，保水剂对NH4+的吸附量差别很大，NH4+-K+或NH4+-Ca2+共存体系有利于NH4+吸附。NH4+单一体系、NH4+-K+、NH4+-Ca2+共存体系中，保水剂对NH4+的吸附量按NH4+＜NH4+-Ca2+＜NH4+-K+次序依次增大；P(AA-AM)的耐铵盐性和对NH4+的吸附能力均优于PAA。

Abstract: In order to investigate the interaction between water retaining agents (WRAs）and NH4+, polyacrylate (PAA) and poly acrylate-co-acrylamide (P(AA-AM)) were selected as the tested WRAs to study the characteristics of water and NH4+ adsorption in a series of solutions of NH4+Cl, NH4+Cl-KCl and NH4+Cl-CaCl2 respectively. The results showed that NH4+ could obviously reduce the water absorbency of the WARs. The water absorbency was markedly decreased with the NH4+ concentration increase. The relationship between relative water absorbency and NH4+ concentration could be described by the minus power function. For NH4+, K+, Ca2+ individual solution and NH4+-K+, NH4+-Ca2+ coexistent solution, the influence of WRAs on water absorbency followed the order NH4+-K+< NH4+、K+

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