Abstract: In order to reduce the effect of drought on maize production, taking Liaoning province as the study area, maize drought risk index was built by 4 factors, including the actual drought occurred frequency, the agro-meteorological drought occurred frequency, the maize relative exposure rate and maize production per unit area based on the 46 years daily meteorological data, as well as the yield and cultivated area of maize at 23 meteorological sites. Using the SPSS(statistical program for social sciences)and GIS(geographic information system), the maize drought risk zone was analyzed on the basis of the maize drought risk index in Liaoning province. The results showed that 30% of the meteorological sites were in high-risk areas and mainly distributed in western Liaoning hilly and coastal areas in southern Liaoning; the drought medium-risk zone was mainly distributed in western corridor, Liaozhong plain and vicinity of Bohai bay; the drought low-risk zone was distributed in Liaodong mountainous areas. And then, the relationship between drought risk index and maize yield at more than 50% of the sites were significantly correlated. The index of maize drought risk constructed in this paper objectively reflected the effects of drought on maize production. This study provides a scientific foundation for maize disaster prevention and disaster management.