Abstract: Aiming at the problem of inconsistency of index system in initial water rights allocation modeling, the concept of friendly allocation of initial water rights was put forward. Based on the principles of food security, ecological water guarantee, preference of status in quo, fairness, high efficiency and environmental protection, the friendly sub-functions were established and the friendly allocation model of initial water rights was proposed with maximizing friendly function of initial water rights allocation. As a case study, the proposed allocation model was applied in Fuhuan River Basin in Hubei Province, and the results indicate that the model can avoid the difficulty of inconsistency of index system and quantitatively express the allocation of initial water rights and provides a new method for initial water rights allocation in the river basin．