Abstract: In order to solve the prominent contradictions between regional economic development and eco-environmental conservation in ecologically fragile region after the National Main Functional Regions Plan, taking Guizhou province as an example, a coupling relationship between land use mechanism and regional economic development was studied in this paper. And some advices for land use mechanism in different areas were given. The main innovative points in this paper can be summarized as follows: Firstly, factor analysis method was adopted to construct a coupling relationship model by selecting an evaluation index system including 28 indexes that represent the dynamic mechanism of land use and economic development. Secondly, those indexes were classified and the common factors were extracted. Finally, the coupling degree between land use mechanism and regional economic in the study area was evaluated and the driving factors of land use that blocking economic development and the reasons for the differences among the coupling degrees in space partition were analyzed. It is concluded that a strong coupling relationship between land use and regional economic is found in Guizhou province, and the different aspects of regional economic development are derived by different land-use factors while the economic factors also have an impact on land-use mechanism.