Abstract: In order to find out an effective way for shelling camellia oleifera fruit and separating the seed from the fruit, the biological characteristic of camellia oleifera fruit was studied, and according to the principle of impacting, extruding and rubbing, a shelling and sorting machine of camellia oleifera fruit was designed. A shelling rod which had torsion angle, cone angle and different radius of gyration, was constructed a wedge shaped shelling chamber to shell the different kinds of fruit. Based on the different shape between the fruit and the seed, the mechanism with group gears rolls and rolls was designed, and shelling and sorting tests was carried on the machine. Experiment results showed that, for the high moisture, crack or untracked camellia oleifera fruit, under the conditions which the speed of shelling rod was 350-400 r/min, cone angle was 3 degrees, the gap between gear roll and roll was 1-1.5 mm and the sieve pore diameter was 24 mm, the disposal of fruit achieved 1 000 kg/h, the shelling rate was more than 99%, and the sorting rate was more than 95%, the fragment rate of seed was less than 3%, and the loss rate was less than 2%. Experiment results showed that the machine was ingeniously conceived and reliable, and can be put into production.