南美白对虾脱壳工艺比较及其对虾仁品质的影响

    Comparison of shucking techniques for white shrimp and its effect on quality of peeled shrimp

    • 摘要: 为了确定较优的南美白对虾脱壳工艺,该文比较了不同脱壳工艺下南美白对虾脱壳的效果、虾仁品质及能耗。通过对脱壳时间、虾仁得率和虾仁完整性等方面的综合评价表明速冻和超高压脱壳均具有突出的优势,差异不显著(P>0.05),进一步综合脱壳对品质的影响及能耗分析发现,速冻和超高压脱壳可降低品质的破坏程度,但速冻脱壳对虾仁的色泽破坏显著(P<0.05),色差ΔE值达到6.4;另外,超高压脱壳的能耗较低,仅为速冻脱壳的1/3。综合以上结果,确定超高压脱壳工艺更适合于工业生产,且各参数中200 MPa、3 min脱壳后虾仁完整性最高,外观色泽好,而300 MPa、1 min的脱壳效率较高且咀嚼性好。研究结果为超高压技术应用于南美白对虾的脱壳提供了参考。

       

      Abstract: In order to determine the optimum shucking technology for white shrimp, different shucking methods including blanching treatment, quick frozen treatment and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) were used to investigated the shucking effects, physical quality and energy consumption The results showed that quick frozen and HHP shucking both had better shucking effects on shucking time, yield and integrity of peeled shrimps, and there were no significant difference between them (P>0.05). But the chromatic aberration ΔE value of peeled shrimp with quick frozen treatment was higher to 6.4, which had a significant influence on the color and luster of the peeled shrimp (P<0.05). Due to the lower energy consumption of HHP, which was only 32.8% of quick frozen treatment, it further shows that HHP is a potential technology for shucking white shrimp. In short, the optimum shucking condition of HHP is 200 MPa with 3 min or 300 MPa with 1 min, with former can keep higher integrity and better color, with the latter can obtain higher shucking efficiency and better texture. The research can provide a reference for HHP application in shucking of white shrimp.

       

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