Abstract: Safeguarding farmers' rights is widely understood as one of fundamental principles for carrying out rural residential land consolidation. Taking Pinggu district of Beijing as a case, the participatory rural appraisal and semi-structured interview method were used to survey the rural households' willingness on rural residential land consolidation in rural and farmers' scales, and 748 questionnaires were collected. On the basis of farmers classification and their characteristics analysis, the paper was trying to explore willingness and decision-making factors of different types of rural household on rural residential land consolidation, and synthetically consider the condition of farmers and their needs and preferences on consolidation to discriminate the models of rural residential land consolidation in Ping district, which aims to provide references for governments on how to find a proper way to transfer the rural residential land consolidation with the so-called people-rights-oriented principles. The results indicate that: 1) The farmers' concurrent business has become a common phenomenon in suburban areas of Beijing, and rural households' willingness on rural residential land consolidation is very strong, impacting factors have the common and specific characteristics. 2) From the point of view of rural households' rational choice, with degrees of concurrent business from low to high, the decision-making factors of rural households' willingness on rural residential land consolidation are diverting along the direction of subsistence to economy and then to society. Furthermore, the main factors influencing households' willingness are subsistence rationale, economic rationale, and socio-economic rationale in accordance with the different types of rural households, i.e., agriculture-oriented employee, agricultural-industrial integrated employee, and nonagricultural employee, respectively. 3) There are some remarkable differences about rural residential land consolidation models for different types of rural households, the central village merger model is suitable for agriculture-oriented employee, the intra-village intensification model is suitable for agricultural-industrial integrated employee, and the urbanization transferring model and industry leading model are suitable for nonagricultural employee.