Abstract: The quantity and quality of arable land is important to our country's food security and the long-term stability of the community. Farmland quality monitoring is an important measure to implement the farmland protection policy. Monitoring changes in farmland quality is needed. This study focuses on 1) monitoring the work as a fledgling local technical reserve, 2) financing difficulties, 3) how to choose the optimization and the least amount of monitoring points, and 4) controlling arable land quality level. Daxing District, Beijing serves as a study area to investigate the layout method of monitoring points for farmland quality level monitoring. A theoretical model named “Agricultural land natural level- Dominant factor” is established by dividing the monitoring control areas according to the main soil characteristics that affect the quality of cultivated land, Then, the “Agricultural land natural level- Dominant factor” theoretical model is used to subdivide monitoring control areas to emplace the monitoring points. The core idea of “Agricultural land natural level- Dominant factor” is that by combining the enhancement potential index of the natural level, the content of organic matter, the topsoil texture, the profile form and the degree of salinity into full factorial permutations, then the combination type of the enhancement potential index of the natural level can be obtained. The enhancement potential index of the natural level of each grading factors can most directly reflect the impact of its related grading unit natural level movements. On one hand, it reflects both the degree of restricting and reflects the potential to increase degree and quality. On the other hand, it points out the high standard of basic farmland for future direction of land remediation for soil characteristics. Daxing District is divided into six monitoring and control areas and 39 potential index combination types of improving agricultural land natural level. Combining 39 types of the potential index of improving agricultural land natural levels results in eight types of “Agricultural land natural level- Dominant factor”. Based on this, 58 monitoring sample points are laid. On the basis of the division of monitoring and control areas, monitoring sample points were laid according to the main soil characteristic that affects the quality of cultivated land. This has application value in researching the process of laying the monitoring sample points in the farmland quality level monitoring. This theoretical model can significantly improve the accuracy of the monitoring samples and ensure the representativeness of monitoring sample points and the integrity of cultivated land quality monitoring information. There are some inadequacies in the research process that need to be further explored. For instance, the article has insufficient consideration to the agricultural conditions of the study area facilities. At the same time, Daxing District is in the plain area, the geological conditions here are relatively uniform and the quality of cultivated land is also relatively concentrated, whether the research method in this article is universally applicable needs to be verified in the more geologically and geomorphologically complex areas.