Abstract: In order to improve the conversion efficiency of low-temperature utilization in solar energy resources, the micro heat pipe was used in solar thermal power generation to make a solar thermal power generation component, and the factors influencing the light-heat conversion efficiency and the thermoelectric efficiency of the component were analyzed in this article. At present, in the utilization of solar energy resources, this article mainly focused on the characteristics of strong dispersion of solar radiation and low energy density. The micro-thermal-tube-based solar thermal power generation device proposed in this article is a solar energy medium-low temperature utilization device. Solar low-temperature power generation technology can effectively compensate for the shortage of solar high-temperature thermal power generation. Medium-low temperature power generation technology can effectively utilize the characteristics of strong solar radiation dispersion and low energy flow density. And solar low temperature power generation technology can effectively avoid the limitations of high temperature power generation, such as the use of large areas of high temperature areas, high focus ratio, complexity of tracking method and control methods, high operating costs of installation and maintenance, technical difficulties and so on. The solar thermal power generation using the micro heat pipe array fully utilizes the strong dispersion characteristics of the solar radiation, expands the contact area, increases the heat absorption efficiency, and adopts heat preservation treatment to realize heat storage, radiation reduction, and convection with the environment. This module does not only have the characteristics of flat panel solar collectors, such as easy integration with buildings and simple tracking methods, but also has strong frost resistance and stable operation. This article conducted experimental research and simulation analysis on the factors influencing solar thermal differential power generation efficiency of micro heat pipe arrays and discussed the effects of factors such as solar radiation, ambient temperature, thermoelectric unit logarithm, and series-parallel connection mode on the efficiency of the components and made a major difference in temperature difference power generation technology. Scale application provided reference. When the temperature difference was 30 ℃, different logarithm thermoelectric units had almost no effect on conversion efficiency; the greater the temperature difference was, the greater the effect of thermoelectric logarithm on conversion efficiency would be. 127 pairs of thermoelectric units, when the temperature difference was 270 ℃, increased to 6.53%, the conversion efficiency was 4.12% higher than 1 pair of thermoelectric units. The same number of temperature difference power generation chips adopt different series-parallel connection mode, which also has a great influence on power generation efficiency; the load resistance is lower than 2 Ω, and the output power of four parallel circuits is the largest; when the load resistance is 1 Ω, the output power of four parallel circuits can reach 0.39 W; When the load resistance is between 2 and 15 Ω, the output power of the two series and the parallel is the largest; when the load resistance is 5 Ω, the latter one reaches 0.52 W; the load resistance is greater than 15 Ω, and the output power of the four components is the largest when connected in series.