规模化秸秆沼气工程集成技术及工程运行效果研究

    Study on integrated technology of large scale straw biogas plant and its operation effect

    • 摘要: 集成秸秆沼气先进技术提高工程经济性是秸秆沼气工程可持续发展的关键。为进一步提高秸秆沼气发酵效果,提升沼气工程运行效益,该研究针对秸秆预处理、秸秆厌氧发酵、搅拌优化、沼液回流等关键环节进行了研究和分析,提出了“秸秆青贮-秸秆微好氧水解预处理-优化搅拌CSTR中温厌氧发酵-沼液近全量回流”的秸秆沼气工程集成技术。通过对河北省三河市天龙规模化生物天然气工程1#发酵罐启动过程进行监测与分析,表明该集成技术在实际运行过程中,秸秆干物质产气量可达555.78 m3/t,沼气中CH4体积分数保持在56%左右,H2S体积分数稳定在162×10(6左右,工程启动运行效果良好。上述结果表明,该本研究所提出的秸秆沼气集成技术在实际工程运行中可取得稳定、高效地运行效果。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: In China, the production of corn straw annually has become a problem, because of lack of resource utilization. Producing biogas with corn straw is one of the available ways to solve this problem. However, this way still not be promoted widely. The main reason is the low rate of return with the traditional craft. Integrating advanced technology of straw biogas plant is the key for sustainable development of straw biogas industry, focusing on the improvement of engineering economy. Our study team had conducted many researches on the key steps of straw biogas plant, such as straw pretreatment, straw anaerobic fermentation, agitation optimization, biogas slurry recirculation, and developed several key technologies. The corn stalk has a compact structure, thus it was not able to be degraded easily in the anaerobic fermenter. The mixture of Saccharomycetales, Sordariales, Hypocrees, Lactobacillales and other microbial as the pretreatment agent were applied in our studies study. And the pretreatment was carried out in a continuous mixed reactor with continuous aeration. Under these conditions, the degradation rate of straw lignocellulose could reach above 48%. After pretreatment, the gas production rate of straw was increased by 20%, and the peak-time of gas production was shortened by more than 3 days. The CSTR and vertical plug flow (VPF) fermentation reactor were compared in this study. The results showed that the CSTR fermentation technology was more common and mature. The reactor structure, the structure of the stirring device, the stirring style and the baffle plate all had a significant influence on the mixing effect of the CSTR. Our study team had developed an optimization method using a CFD simulation. The anaerobic fermentation only with corn straw, the anaerobic process was not stable because of easy acidification and nutritional imbalance. In our research, we applied the recirculation of biogas slurry to the anaerobic fermentation process. The results showed that recirculation of biogas slurry could help keeping the fermentation process stable. Under the conditions with recirculation of 80% biogas slurry, the biogas production rate of maize silage was increased by 97%-180%. Based on these single technologies, we proposed an integrated technology of "stalk silage-micro aerobic hydrolysis pretreatment-CSTR medium temperature & stirring optimization-biogas slurry near fully recirculation". The integrated technology had been employed in the Tianlong biogas plant in Sanhe, Hebei Province. The operation results showed that the biogas production rate of straw reached 555.78 m3/t with a relatively high CH4 concentration of 56% and low H2S concentration of 162×10(6, which proved that the integrated technology could be stable and efficient t in the actual operation of a large-scale biogas plant.

       

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