Abstract: Abstract: The impact of rapid land-use conversion on the local climate is the focus of global change and sustainable research. Large-scale upland conversion to paddy fields and its influence on the local climate in the Sanjiang Plain area should be the important content of current climate impact research on human land use activities. In order to explore its influence on the land surface temperature, we used the atmospheric correction temperature inverse method based on the Landsat 8 TIRS remote sensing image data on June 16, 2017. The basic principle of this method is to remove the atmospheric influence and use the atmospheric radiation transfer equation; surface heat radiation intensity observed by the satellite is converted to the corresponding surface temperature. The parameters involved are mainly atmospheric profile parameters and surface specific emissivity. Through the temperature inversion, the surface temperature data of the northern part of the Sanjiang Plain was obtained. Then, the mean-standard deviation method was used to divide the overall temperature data of the cultivated land in the study area into five different grades, which visually showed the overall distribution characteristics of the land surface temperature values of the cultivated land in the study area. The land-use data was updated and obtained from the national rural land survey data , which scale was 1∶10000. On this basis, we analyze the correlation between the paddy field planting area and the average land surface temperature in the different paddy field planting level divisions, and characterized the space effect of different patterns of dry field and paddy fields on the surface temperature feature. Through this series of data statistics and analysis process, the following results can be obtained: the research area we selected is the cultivated land concentration area, and the cultivated land area within the scope is 73.63%. Cultivated land types in the study area are mainly paddy fields and dry land. The paddy field planting area is 7.2×105 hm2, accounting for 58.12% of the total area of cultivated land, while the dry field planting area is slightly lower than that of paddy field with area 5.2×105 hm2, accounting for 41.88%. According to the zoning statistics, we know that in the paddy field planting area average surface temperature in the interior is 27.73 ℃, while the average surface temperature in the dry field is 37.60 ℃, which is 9.87 ℃ higher than that in the paddy field. In addition, from the aspect of spatial distribution, the surface temperature is lower in the northwest and the north which is higher in the southwestern part and the eastern part of the study area. After correlation analysis, we find that the paddy field area ratio and the surface temperature mean value are significantly negative at 0.01 (two sides) (P<0.01). These findings reveal that different underlying surface types in the arable area are the necessary factors of surface temperature differentiation. During the study period, the paddy field has a significant cooling effect on the land surface thermal environment. The variation in energy transfer process caused by different water content and evapotranspiration in different underlying surfaces of dry field and paddy fields makes its distribution pattern the main cause of land surface temperature value differentiation.